Sixty billion dollars. This is the amount organizations worldwide spend annually on leader development programs (Yemiscigil, Born & Ling, 2023). Although such prolific spending may suggest C-suite executives are happy with the returns on leader development initiatives, less than half of HR executives feel their existing programs are effective, and only one in five has confidence in their current leadership pipeline (Curphy, Hogan & Kaiser, 2025; Jackson, 2024). In other words, the prevailing...